Science and Engineering Practices - 9-12.SEP5.7:
Use mathematical models and/or computer simulations to predict the effects of a design solution on systems and/or the interactions between systems.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.HS.ETS.1.4.DCI:
ETS1.B: Developing Possible Solutions •Both physical models and computers can be used in various ways to aid in the engineering design process. Computers are useful for a variety of purposes, such as running simulations to test different ways of solving a problem or to see which one is most efficient or economical; and in making a persuasive presentation to a client about how a given design will meet his or her needs.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC3.8:
Models (e.g., physical, mathematical, computer models) can be used to simulate systems and interactions—including energy, matter, and information flows—within and between systems at different scales.