Clarification Statement - S.HS.PS.3.1.CS:
Emphasis is on explaining the meaning of mathematical expressions used in the model.

Assessment Boundary - S.HS.PS.3.1.AB:
Assessment is limited to basic algebraic expressions or computations; to systems of two or three components; and to thermal energy, kinetic energy, and/or the energies in gravitational, magnetic, or electric fields.

Science and Engineering Practices - 9-12.SEP5.3:
Create a computational model or simulation of a phenomenon, designed device, process, or system.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.HS.PS.3.1.DCI:
PS3.A: Definitions of Energy •Energy is a quantitative property of a system that depends on the motion and interactions of matter and radiation within that system. That there is a single quantity called energy is due to the fact that a system’s total energy is conserved, even as, within the system, energy is continually transferred from one object to another and between its various possible forms. PS3.B: Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer •Conservation of energy means that the total change of energy in any system is always equal to the total energy transferred into or out of the system. •Mathematical expressions, which quantify how the stored energy in a system depends on its configuration (e.g. relative positions of charged particles, compression of a spring) and how kinetic energy depends on mass and speed, allow the concept of conservation of energy to be used to predict and describe system behavior. •The availability of energy limits what can occur in any system. •(NYSED) Energy exists in many forms, and when these forms change, energy is conserved.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC3.7:
Models can be used to predict the behavior of a system, but these predictions have limited precision and reliability due to the assumptions and approximations inherent in models.