Clarification Statement - S.MS.ESS.2.4.CS:
Emphasis is on the ways water changes its state as it moves through the multiple pathways of the hydrologic cycle. Examples of models could include conceptual or physical models.

Assessment Boundary - S.MS.ESS.2.4.AB:
A quantitative understanding of the latent heats of vaporization and fusion is not assessed.

Science and Engineering Practices - 6-8.SEP2.2:
Develop a model to describe unobservable mechanisms.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.MS.ESS.2.4.DCI:
ESS2.C: The Roles of Water in Earth’s Surface Processes •(NYSED) Water continually cycles among land, ocean, and atmosphere via transpiration, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, deposition, precipitation, infiltration, and runoff. •(NYSED) Global movements of water and its changes in form are driven by sunlight and gravity.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC5.9:
Within a natural or designed system, the transfer of energy drives the motion and/or cycling of matter.