Clarification Statement - S.MS.ESS.1.2.CS:
Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models could include physical models (such as a model of the solar system scaled using variou

Assessment Boundary - S.MS.ESS.1.2.AB:
Assessment does not include Kepler’s Laws of orbital motion or the apparent retrograde motion of the planets as viewed from Earth.

Science and Engineering Practices - 6-8.SEP2.3:
Develop and use a model to describe phenomena.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.MS.ESS.1.2.DCI:
ESS1.A: The Universe and Its Stars •Earth and its solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is one of many galaxies in the universe. ESS1.B: Earth and the Solar System •(NYSED) The solar system consists of the Sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, comets, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the Sun by its gravitational pull on them. •The solar system appears to have formed from a disk of dust and gas, drawn together by gravity.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC3.3:
Models can be used to represent systems and their interactions—such as inputs, processes and outputs—and energy and matter flows within systems.