Clarification Statement - S.4.PS.3.3.CS:
Emphasis is on the change in the energy due to the change in speed, not on the forces, as objects interact.

Assessment Boundary - S.4.PS.3.3.AB:
Assessment does not include quantitative measurements of energy.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP1.1:
Ask questions that can be investigated based on patterns such as cause and effect relationships.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.4.PS.3.3.DCI:
PS3.A: Definitions of Energy •(NYSED) Energy can be transferred by moving objects or by sound, light, heat, or electric currents. PS3.B: Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer •Energy is present whenever there are moving objects, sound, light, or heat. When objects collide, energy can be transferred from one object to another, thereby changing their motion. In such collisions, some energy is typically also transferred to the surrounding air; as a result, the air gets heated and sound is produced. PS3.C: Relationship Between Energy and Forces •When objects collide, the contact forces transfer energy so as to change the objects’ motions.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC5.3:
Energy can be transferred in various ways and between objects.