Clarification Statement - S.HS.LS.1.1.CS:
Emphasis should be on how the DNA code is transcribed and translated in the synthesis of proteins. Types of proteins involved in performing life functions include enzymes, structural proteins, cell receptors, hormones, and antibodies.

Assessment Boundary - S.HS.LS.1.1.AB:
Assessment does not include identification of specific cell or tissue types, whole body systems, specific protein structures and functions, or the biochemistry of protein synthesis.

Science and Engineering Practices - 9-12.SEP6.2:
Construct and revise an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the na

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.HS.LS.1.1.DCI:
LS1.A: Structure and Function •Systems of specialized cells within organisms help themperform the essential functions of life. •All cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA molecules. Genes are regions in the DNA that contain the instructions that code for the formation of proteins, which carry out most of the work of cells. (Note: This Disciplinary Core Idea is also addressed by HS-LS3-1.)

Crosscutting Concepts - CC4.5:
Investigating or designing new systems or structures requires a detailed examination of the properties of different materials, the structures of different components, and connections of components to reveal its function and/or solve a problem.

Clarification Statement - S.HS.LS.1.2.CS:
Emphasis is on functions at the organism’s system level such as nutrient uptake, water delivery, immune response, and organism response to stimuli. An example of an interacting system could be an artery depending on the proper function of elastic tissue

Assessment Boundary - S.HS.LS.1.2.AB:
Assessment does not include interactions and functions at the molecular or chemical reaction level.

Science and Engineering Practices - 9-12.SEP2.1:
Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the relationships between systems or between components of a system.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.HS.LS.1.2.DCI:
LS1.A: Structure and Function •Multicellular organisms have a hierarchical structural organization, in which any one system is made up of numerous parts and is itself a component of the next level. •(NYSED) Disease is a failure of homeostasis. Organisms have a variety of mechanisms to prevent and combat disease. Technological advances including vaccinations and antibiotics have contributed to the prevention and treatment of disease.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC3.8:
Models (e.g., physical, mathematical, computer models) can be used to simulate systems and interactions—including energy, matter, and information flows—within and between systems at different scales.

Clarification Statement - S.HS.LS.1.3.CS:
Examples of investigations could include heart rate response to exercise, stomate response to moisture and temperature, and root development in response to water levels.

Assessment Boundary - S.HS.LS.1.3.AB:
Assessment does not include the cellular processes involved in the feedback mechanism.

Science and Engineering Practices - 9-12.SEP3.1:
Plan and conduct an investigation individually and collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence, and in the design: decide on types, how much, and accuracy of data needed to produce reliable measurements and consider limitations on t

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.HS.LS.1.3.DCI:
LS1.A: Structure and Function •Feedback mechanisms maintain a living system’s internal conditions within certain limits and mediate behaviors, allowing it to remain alive and functional even as external conditions change within some range. Feedback mechanisms can encourage (through positive feedback) or discourage (negative feedback) what is going on inside the living system. •(NYSED) Disease is a failure of homeostasis. Organisms have a variety of mechanisms to prevent and combat disease. Technological advances including vaccinations and antibiotics have contributed to the prevention and treatment of disease.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC6.8:
Feedback (negative or positive) can stabilize or destabilize a system.