Clarification Statement - S.5.PS.1.1.CS:
Examples of evidence supporting a model could include adding air to expand a basketball, compressing air in a syringe, dissolving sugar in water, and evaporating salt water.

Assessment Boundary - S.5.PS.1.1.AB:
Assessment does not include the atomic-scale mechanism of evaporation and condensation or defining the unseen particles.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP2.1:
Develop models to describe phenomena

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.5.PS.1.1.DCI:
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter •Matter of any type can be subdivided into particles that are too small to see, but even then the matter still exists and can be detected by other means. A model showing that gases are made from matter particles that are too small to see and are moving freely around in space can explain many observations, including the inflation and shape of a balloon and the effects of air on larger particles or objects.

Crosscutting Concepts - CC7.2:
Natural objects exist from the very small to the immensely large.

Clarification Statement - S.5.PS.1.2.CS:
Examples of reactions or changes could include phase changes, dissolving, and mixing that form new substances. Assume that reactions with any gas production are conducted in a closed system.

Assessment Boundary - S.5.PS.1.2.AB:
Assessment does not include distinguishing mass and weight.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP5.1:
Measure and graph quantities such as weight to address scientific and engineering questions and problems

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.5.PS.1.2.DCI:
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter •(NYSED) The total amount of matter is conserved when it changes form, even in transitions in which it seems to vanish. PS1.B: Chemical Reactions •No matter what reaction or change in properties occurs, the total weight of the substances does not change. (Boundary: Mass and weight are not distinguished at this grade level.)

Crosscutting Concepts - CC7.3:
Standard units are used to measure and describe physical quantities such as weight, time, temperature, and volume.

Clarification Statement - S.5.PS.1.3.CS:
Examples of materials to be identified could include baking soda and other powders, metals, minerals, and liquids. Examples of properties could include color, hardness, reflectivity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, response to magnetic for

Assessment Boundary - S.5.PS.1.3.AB:
Assessment does not include density or distinguishing mass and weight.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP3.1:
Make observations and/or measurements to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence for an explanation of a phenomenon or test a design solution

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.5.PS.1.3.DCI:
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter •Measurements of a variety of properties can be used to identify materials. (Boundary: At this grade level, mass and weight are not distinguished, and no attempt is made to define the unseen particles or explain the atomic-scale mechanism of evaporation and condensation.)

Crosscutting Concepts - CC7.3:
Standard units are used to measure and describe physical quantities such as weight, time, temperature, and volume.

Clarification Statement - S.5.PS.1.4.CS:
Examples could include mixing baking soda and water compared to mixing baking soda and vinegar.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP3.3:
Conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence, using fair tests in which variables are controlled and the number of trials considered.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.5.PS.1.4.DCI:
PS1.B: Chemical Reactions •When two or more different substances are mixed, a new substance with different properties may be formed. (5-PS1-4)

Crosscutting Concepts - CC2.4:
Cause and effect relationships are routinely identified, tested, and used to explain change.