Clarification Statement - S.4.PS.4.1.CS:
Examples of models could include diagrams, analogies, and physical models using wire to illustrate wavelength and amplitude of waves.

Assessment Boundary - S.4.PS.4.1.AB:
Assessment does not include interference effects, electromagnetic waves, non-periodic waves, or quantitative models of amplitude and wavelength.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP2.2:
Develop a model using an analogy, example, or abstract representation to describe a scientific principle.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.4.PS.4.1.DCI:
PS4.A: Wave Properties •Waves, which are regular patterns of motion, can be made in water by disturbing the surface. When waves move across the surface of deep water, the water goes up and down in place; there is no net motion in the direction of the wave except when the water meets a beach. (Note: This grade band endpoint was moved from K–2). •Waves of the same type can differ in amplitude (height of the wave) and wavelength (spacing between wave peaks).

Crosscutting Concepts - CC1.5:
Similarities and differences in patterns can be used to sort and classify natural phenomena

Clarification Statement - S.4.PS.4.3.CS:
Examples of solutions could include drums sending coded information through sound waves, using a grid of 1’s and 0’s representing black and white to send information about a picture, and using Morse code to send text.

Science and Engineering Practices - 3-5.SEP6.4:
Generate and compare multiple solutions to a problem based on how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the design solution.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.4.PS.4.3.DCI:
PS4.C: Information Technologies and Instrumentation •Digitized information can be transmitted over long distances without significant degradation. High-tech devices, such as computers or cell phones, can receive and decode information—convert it from digitized form to voice—and vice versa. ETS1.C: Optimizing The Design Solution •Different solutions need to be tested in order to determine which of them best solves the problem, given the criteria and the constraints. (secondary to 4-PS4-3)

Crosscutting Concepts - CC1.6:
Similarities and differences in patterns can be used to sort and classify designed products