Clarification Statement - S.HS.LS.2.5.CS:
Examples of models could include simulations, diagrams, and mathematical models of the carbon cycle (photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion)

Assessment Boundary - S.HS.LS.2.5.AB:
Assessment does not include the specific chemical steps of photosynthesis and respiration.

Science and Engineering Practices - 9-12.SEP2.1:
Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the relationships between systems or between components of a system.

Disciplinary Core Ideas - S.HS.LS.2.5.DCI:
LS2.B: Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems •(NYSED) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are important components of the carbon cycle, in which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere through chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes. PS3.D: Energy in Chemical Processes •The main way that solar energy is captured and stored on Earth is through the complex chemical process known as photosynthesis. (secondary to HS-LS2-5)

Crosscutting Concepts - CC3.8:
Models (e.g., physical, mathematical, computer models) can be used to simulate systems and interactions—including energy, matter, and information flows—within and between systems at different scales.