Learning Experience/Unit
The Roots of Slavery
Subject
English Language Arts (2005), Social Studies
Grade Levels
Commencement, 9th Grade, 10th Grade, 11th Grade, 12th Grade
Learning Context/ Introduction
In this learning experience, students read primary sources that provide multiple pictures of slavery and the slave trade.
Activity One: The Middle Passage
From African Roots to the North American Soil
- Introduce students to the history of slave trading by viewing pictures and reading brief passages from Tom Feelings’ book Middle Passage: White Ships and Black Cargo. If web access is available in the classroom, project slides of his black and white illustrations posted at Juneteenth Pictorial Middle Passage.
- View brief segments from Part 1 of the video recording of Alex Haley's Roots. Show students excerpts of Kunta Kinte on the slave ship, on the auction block, and on the plantation.
- Debrief with students their response to the drawings of Tom Feelings and the movie clips from Roots.
Activity Two: Slaves and Masters
- Ask students to read Chapter 2 from Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl written by Harriet Jacobs. Chapter 2 relates events that parallel the cruel treatment of Kunta Kinte in Roots. Have students identify the similarities and differences in Harriet Jacobs’ and Kunta Kinte’s experiences.
- Have students read Chapter VI, A Child's Reasoning, from Life and Times of Frederick Douglass. It is an excellent piece to contrast with Scout's voice in To Kill a Mockingbird and can be abridged to accommodate reading abilities or time constraints.
- As a class or in small groups, students describe and write down those images of slavery that most impressed them from Harriet Jacobs’ and Frederick Douglass’ first person narratives.
Activity Three: The Auction Block
- Ask students to read Solomon Northup’s account of a slave auction in Chapter IV, Twelve Years a Slave: Narrative of Solomon Northup, a Citizen of New York, Kidnapped in Washington City in 1841, and Rescued in 1853.
- Go to African American Perspectives: Pamphlets from the Daniel A.P. Murray Collection, 1818 - 1907 and use a keyword search (use two words: "slave, georgia" in the search box) to locate the document What became of slaves on a Georgia plantation?: Great auction sale of slaves at Savannah, Georgia. Ask students to read the entire work, taking note of the language, tone, narrative style, and point of view.
- Group students in pairs to compare and contrast the stories of the two auctions. Use Study Guide for Slave Auction Narratives to focus their discussion.
Duration
4 - 5 class periods
Author
Kathleen Prody and Nicolet Whearty
Source
This lesson was originally an extension activity in the learning experience "To Kill a Mockingbird: A Historical Perspective." Reproduced from the Library of Congress web site for teachers. Original lesson plan created as part of the Library of Congress American Memory Fellows Program.