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Learning Experience/Unit
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Advertising and Healthy Decisions
Learning Context/ Introduction:

In this Learning Experience, students analyze advertising for alcohol and tobacco products, and create parodies of ads.

Purpose and Curricular Connections

The purpose of this activity is to have students demonstrate their knowledge of media, advertising, and the persuasive techniques used in ads for tobacco and alcohol products. In addition, students will examine popular movies and television programs to discover the subtle effects of product placement, glamorization, and normalization of alcohol and tobacco use. They will examine the relationships between internal and external influences to use alcohol and tobacco products. Students will be encouraged to advocate for positive changes in influences that have a negative effect on health behaviors regarding alcohol and tobacco products.

New York State Health Education Skills Matrix

Decision Making:
  • Identifies personal decisions and sorts related internal and external influences.
  • Analyzes perceptions of peer, family, and community normative behavior.

Advocacy:

  • Adapts health messages to the characteristics of a particular audience.
  • Compiles evidence to support a health-enhancing position.
  • Summarizes and practices persuasive communication.
  • Takes a clear, health-enhancing stand for personal, family, and community issues.

Prior Knowledge

This Learning Experience is the culminating activity of a tobacco unit in our seventh grade Health curriculum. Prior to this lesson, students will be able to state the harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol on health.
Assessment:

Evidence of student progress is collected through a variety of methods, including observation of discussion, group written forms, bulletin board display, and reflection forms. Students use the rubrics below for self-assessment and peer-assessment.

  • Ad Parody Scoring Rubric
  • Rubric for Letter
  • Questions for Reflection
  • Student Work:
    Examples of student work are available below.

  • Group Analysis Worksheet
  • Ad Parody
  • Group Report Organizer
  • Student Letters
  • Student Reflections
  • Procedure:
    This learning experience consists of eight lessons. Descriptions of the lessons are available below.

  • Lesson 1
  • Lesson 2
  • Lesson 3
  • Lesson 4
  • Lesson 5
  • Lesson 6
  • Lesson 7
  • Lesson 8
  • Resources:
    The teacher resources for this learning experience include an ample supply of at least 20-30 magazines with advertising, newsprint and markers, activity sheets, construction/drawing paper. Students will need colored pencils, markers, or crayons, and one alcohol or tobacco magazine ad. Computers with internet access are needed for research activity (websites are listed below.) Computers for word processing are also helpful. The handouts for this learning experience (not including the rubrics from the Assessment section) appear below:

  • Advertising Appeals
  • Advertising Slogans
  • Group Ad Analysis Worksheet
  • Ad Parody Assignment
  • Ad Analysis
  • Group Report Organizer
  • Planning Organizer for Letter
  • Questions for Reflection
  • Instructional/Environmental Modifications:

    Students are heterogeneously grouped. The classroom needs to have seating conducive to group and individual work and bulletin board space or display area. Computer lab/computers with internet access are needed for research and word processing. The lesson is differentiated through use of different graphic organizers for the letter-writing activity.
    Duration:

    Planning: Gathering magazines and ads, developing a list of ad slogans for lesson 2, and preparing/copying forms requires approximately one hour. Students are usually willing to bring in magazines and ads for use in the classroom.

    Implementation: 9 days of 42-minute class periods. Students can either be given another day to complete their ad parodies in class, or the assignment may be given as homework. Lesson 4 can also be assigned as homework.

    Assessment: Two rubrics are used for self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment of student work (see Assessment section.) Discussion questions and reflection questions indicate level of student learning. Completion and review time depends on the number of students and whether class time will be dedicated to completing the rubrics and discussing the "Questions for Reflection."

    Author:
    Barbara G. Johnson, Greece Arcadia Middle School
    Reflection:

    I have found that students are very interested in media and advertising, and yet many state that they are unaffected by advertising; that they make their "own decisions". I find that this activity provides students with information and skills they can use to evaluate advertising, particularly that of tobacco or alcohol products. I also find that the lessons raise students’ awareness of tobacco and alcohol promotion in clothing, sports, television, and movies as well.

    In implementing this Learning Experience, I have learned more about student interest in media and advertising techniques. Students who previously were having difficulty in the classroom responded very well to the brainstorming, group discussion activities, and completing the ad parody itself. This was especially true of students who have difficulty with written work.

    The Learning Experience was reviewed by colleagues and administrators both in its written format and in classroom observation. It was suggested to include more focus on the learning standards so that students are more aware of the purpose of the Learning Experience throughout. The peer review further reinforced my perception that this Learning Experience is engaging and relevant for middle school students of varied ability levels.

    Grade Level(s): 6, 7, 8
    Website(s):
    Bullet Media Sharp: Analyzing Tobacco and Alcohol Messages - http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/mediashrp.htm
    Bullet Smoke Screeners - http://www.fablevision.com/smokescreeners
    Bullet Educational Resource for Health Teachers - http://www.healthteacher.com
    Bullet National Clearing House for Alcohol and Drug Information - http://www.health.org
    Bullet Great American Smokeout FAQs - http://www.cancer.org
    Bullet Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids - http://www.tobaccofreekids.org
    Bullet Kick Butts Day Activity Sheets - http://www.kickbuttsday.org
    Bullet Action on Smoking and Health - http://www.ash.org/teens.html
    Bullet INFACT - http://www.infact.org
    Bullet AdBusters - http://www.adbusters.org
    Bullet Tobacco Control Archives - http://www.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco
    Related Content: 
    2Smart 2Start
    Related Standards:
    Bullet ELA3.I.LR1A Students analyze, interpret, and evaluate information, ideas, organization, and language from academic and nonacademic texts, such as textbooks, public documents, book and movie reviews, and editorials.
     
    Bullet ELA3.I.SW2D Students use standard English, precise vocabulary, and presentational strategies effectively to influence an audience.
     
    Bullet HPF1.I.HE1D Students analyze the multiple influences which affect health decisions and behaviors.
     
    Bullet HPF3.I.HE1A Students distinguish between valid and invalid health information, products and services.
     
    Bullet HPF3.I.HE1D Students analyze how media and technology influence the selection of health information, products and services.
     
    Bullet CDOS3a.I.BS1A Students listen to and read the ideas of others and analyze what they hear and read; acquire and use information from a variety of sources; and apply a combination of mathematical operations to solve problems in oral or written form.
     
    Bullet CDOS3a.I.TK2A Students evaluate facts, solve advanced problems, and make decisions by applying logic and reasoning skills.
     
    Bullet CDOS3a.I.PQ3A Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between individuals and society and interact with others in a positive manner.
     

    Submitted By:
    Arwyn Dyer, Educator
    Center for Applied Technologies In Education
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